Micronutrient deficiencies after gastric by-pass: Importance of nutritional assessment in the prevention of nutritional needs
Abstract
Introduction: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (BGYR) is the most widely used mixed surgical technique in Brazil for the treatment and control of obesity, being considered the most effective technique for weight loss. However, it demands continuous nutritional care, due to the greater risk of the patient to develop nutritional deficiencies. Objective: to carry out a systematic review on the main micronutrient deficiencies after gastric bypass and to determine the importance of nutritional assessment in the prevention of nutritional deficiencies. Subjects and methods: the review was carried out according to the Preferred methodology Reset Ting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analyzes-PRISMA. For that, the scientific production of journals indexed in the Lilacs, Medline, Pubmed, Scielo databases was consulted, between the years 2008 to July 2018. Results: the final analysis included 25 articles. It was observed that although Roux-en-Y gastric bypass improves the patient's quality of life, this technique can cause micronutrient deficiencies such as the B complex vitamins (B12, B9, B1) of fat-soluble vitamins (A, D) and minerals like calcium, zinc and iron. These deficiencies may be present in the preoperative period or appear and worsen in the postoperative period. Conclusion: bearing in mind that deficiencies can occur both in the short and long term, nutritional and clinical monitoring of patients is necessary to monitor and prevent these deficiencies for life.
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