Relationships between lifestyle habits, body composition and motor performance of children in physical activity
Abstract
Introduction: Inactive children and adolescents with impoverished diets are very likely to have motor difficulties and develop obesity. These difficulties reinforce the behaviors that caused them, which can generate a significant and strengthened cyclical relationship over the years. Objective: to map the consequences of lifestyle habits on the development of motor skills and physical fitness, identifying associations between lifestyle habits, motor difficulties and child obesity and the main reasons that prevent adherence to the practice of physical activity in childhood. Materials and Methods: This is an integrative review in the following databases: Lilacs, PubMed, Scielo and Web of Science. Studies with children and adolescents that jointly assessed body composition, physical activity levels and motor performance were included. Results: Six studies were included in the review. Participants in the included studies (5-14 years, both genders) were underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obese, with and without disorders. The results indicate greater perception of difficulty in various activities of daily living, low participation in sports, lower physical and motor performance in obese and overweight children, when compared to normal weight children. Active lifestyle was related to better gross motor development, while the more sedentary and less active children had a higher rate of perceived global difficulty and lower cardiorrespiratory resistance, which are related to health indicators, affecting many spheres of life. Conclusion: This review suggests that there are reciprocal relationships among life habits, body composition, physical fitness and motor performance.
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