The role of omega-3 supplementation in type 2 diabetes mellitus
Abstract
Introduction: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases worldwide, due to a higher frequency of unhealthy lifestyles. Omega-3 (w-3) has anti-inflammatory action and may be effective in the prevention and treatment of DM2, therefore, the aim of the study was to analyze the evidence of the effect of w-3 supplementation in individuals with DM2. Materials and Methods: An integrative literature review was conducted on the role of w-3 supplementation in individuals with DM2. The Pubmed and Bireme databases were searched using the descriptors "type 2, Diabetes Mellitus" and "acids, omega-3 fatty". The study included randomized clinical trials available in full, published in the last five years, which addressed the effects of oral omega-3 supplementation in individuals with DM2. One hundred articles were found and eight articles were selected and analyzed. Results: Supplementation of w-3 in subjects with DM2 resulted in decreased serum triglycerides, atherogenic index, IL-6, MCP-1, leptin, HOMA-IR, increased PPAR-γ activity and HDL-c. The parameters of blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, insulin, LDL-c, antioxidant status were controversial. Conclusion: The supplementation of w-3 in individuals with DM2, has a hypotriglyceridemic action, reduces the atherogenic index and inflammatory cytokines, improving insulin resistance, the lipid profile and inflammation of individuals, while the effects on blood glucose are still controversial.
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