Acylation-stimulating protein (ASP) and obesity: characteristics, functions, and relationship
Abstract
This work aims to analyze and describe the origin, characteristics and functions of the acylation-stimulating protein (ASP) through a literature review in specialized databases. ASP is an adipokine produced by adipocytes through a cascade of reactions between the enzyme complex D (complement C3a), complement B and adipsin. ASP works to promote lipogenic processes. The binding of ASP to adipocytes leads to an increase in the activity of diacylglycerol acyltransferase, which catalyzes and controls the rate of esterification of fatty acids to form triacylglycerol. In addition to stimulating the esterification of fatty acids, ASP can also regulate insulin secretion and food intake. ASP also acts by inhibiting the action of the hormone-sensitive lipase and increasing intracellular glucose levels in adipocytes. These effects of ASP are mediated through a G protein-coupled receptor. ASP is found at increased levels in obese people, as well as in patients with insulin resistance, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, hyperthyroidism and polycystic ovary syndrome. Studies also demonstrate that there is a strong relationship between high levels of ASP and body mass index, suggesting a very important role for this adipokine in the development of human obesity. Therefore, understanding how this adipokine works can be an important mechanism for developing treatments against obesity and its complications.
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