Nutritional therapy protocol for the critical and obese patient with covid-19
Abstract
Introduction: The new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) is a pathogen that mainly affects the respiratory system, causing the disease COVID-19. This virus can affect all population groups, however obese individuals are more susceptible to evolving with a more severe disease. Obesity can cause changes in the immune system, increase the risk of infections and increase the mortality rate due to COVID-19. In the face of greater complications related to obesity and COVID-19, specific treatment for these individuals in the hospital environment is necessary. Therefore, the objective of the study was to develop a nutritional care protocol for obese patients diagnosed with COVID-19. Methodology: The search for the works was carried out in PubMed, MEDLINE, LILACS, SciELO and Google Scholar databases, using the keywords coronavirus, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV as the main term, associated with obesity, body composition, infflamation, adipose tissue, nutrition, critical illness. Results: a protocol was established to carry out the assessment and screening of nutritional risk, with the definition of the feeding route by the medical team with the help of the multidisciplinary team. Estimates of calorie and protein requirements should be based on nutritional assessment. Discussion: Appropriate nutritional assessment, screening and therapy are essential for better recovery in obese patients. Due to the reduction in food intake and gastrointestinal symptoms caused by COVID-19, it is essential to monitor the symptoms and tolerance to the diet offered. Conclusion: a nutritional care protocol with standardization of nutritional behaviors can guarantee less complications and contribute to the reduction of the mortality rate.
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