Nutritional status and associated factors in older people: a cross-sectional analysis
Abstract
Introduction: Aging is marked by physiological changes that culminate in changes in body composition, which make the older adults more vulnerable to the onset of chronic diseases and physical disabilities. Thus, in order to have a good health surveillance, it is necessary to monitor the nutritional status, as well as to identify its associated factors. Objective: To analyze the nutritional status and associated factors in older people residents of a small city. Materials and Methods: This is an epidemiological, cross-sectional, census, household-based study, conducted with individuals aged ≥ 60 years, residents in the urban area of Aiquara-BA. Sociodemographic information was collected using a questionnaire. Body mass and height measurements were collected to calculate the Body Mass Index. For the statistical analysis, we used frequencies, means and standard deviations, besides the chi-square test for comparison of independent proportions. Results: 232 Older individuals (58.80% women) participated in the study. Among those evaluated, 30.30% were underweight, 40.30% were eutrophic and 29.40% were overweight/obese. Furthermore, a higher prevalence of underweight was observed among older individuals aged ≥ 80 years (45.70%) and those with no education (36.00%) (p<0.05). However, there was a predominance of overweight/obesity in the older female (36.30%), in participants aged 60 to 79 years (33.70%) and in those with schooling (37.50%) (p<0.05). Conclusion: A high prevalence of underweight and overweight/obesity was observed among those evaluated, with the variables sex, age group, and education as associated factors.
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